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Swedish name
In Sweden, a person must have a surname and 1–3 first names. Surnames are usually inherited patrilineally, while first names are usually chosen by a person's parents.
==Surnames==
In Scandinavia, patronymic surnames are common. In Sweden, the patronymic ending is -''son'', e.g. ''Karlsson'' ("Karl's son"). Later on, people from the Scandinavian middle classes, particularly artisans and town dwellers, adopted surnames in a similar fashion to that of the gentry. Family names joining two elements from nature such as the Swedish ''Bergman'' ("mountain man"), ''Holmberg'' ("island mountain"), ''Lindgren'' ("linden branch"), ''Sandström'' ("sand stream") and ''Åkerlund'' ("field grove") were quite frequent and remain common today. For a table that helps one take apart such names, see.〔http://www.nordicnames.de/wiki/Surnames〕
Another source of surnames was the Swedish allotment system, which from the mid-late 17th century was organised to maintain a standing army, and where a number of farms were grouped together and then supported a soldier with a small cottage and piece of land. The soldiers were often given names either describing their character (e.g. Modig (brave), Skarp (sharp) or Snygg (handsome)), weapons (e.g. Sabel (sabre), Lans (lance) or Sköld (shield)) or names joining two elements from nature as above. The name often followed the cottage, not the actual soldier. These soldiers' names became very common.
Before Sweden's family name regulation act (släktnamnsförordningen) of 1901, the patronymic was the most widely used instead of a surname.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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